The voltage is the type of the electromagnetic force. When the magnitude of the voltage is high, large current flow through the circuit and when their magnitude is low less current flow through it. The voltage is represented by the symbol V, and their SI unit is volt. Voltage is mainly classified into two type, i.
The alternating voltage changes its polarity, and the direct voltage does not change its polarity. The direct voltage is generated by the potential difference between the terminal of the electrochemical cell, and the alternating voltage is caused by the alternator.
Sometimes in a transmission line, the voltage at the sending end is less than the voltage at the receiving end. The voltage is dissipated in the form of the heat and hence this loss of voltage is called voltage drop.
The voltage drop occurs because of heavy load. When the heavy load is connected across the line, it draws heavy current due to which voltage loss occurs. When the receiving end voltage is greater than the sending end voltage, then the voltage rise occurs in the line. The rise in voltage is called Ferranti effect, and it mainly occurs because of the charging current of the transmission line.
The current is the effect of the voltage. When the potential difference is applied across the conducting material, the electrical charge carrier starts moving from one atom to another. The current is represented by the symbol I and their SI unit is ampere. A given amount of energy must be exerted in the form of work to pump water up to fill the tank. Once the water is stored in the tank, it has a certain potential energy which, if released, can be used to perform work.
For example, the water can be allowed to fall down a chute to turn a water wheel. The difference in potential energy per charge in electrical terms is called voltage, symbolized by V , and is defined as energy on work W per unit charge Q. The unit of voltage is volt. It is represented by V. A voltage source is a source of electrical potential energy is an electromotive force, more commonly known as voltage. A battery is a type of voltage source that converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
A battery consists of one or more electrochemical cells that are electrically connected. A cell consists of four basic components:. A basic diagram of the battery is shown in fig of battery. Primary batteries are used once and discarded because their chemical reactions are irreversible.
Secondary batteries can be recharged and reused many times because they are characterized by reversible chemical reactions. Its formula is given as: If the charge Q is passing through an area in time t,then-current I will be:. SI unit of current is ampere A. The motion of electric charge which causes an electric current is due to the flow of charge carriers. In the case of metallic conductors, the charge carriers are electrons.
Alternating Voltage changes its polarity and magnitude while it is remain constant in DC. Voltage can exist without current as it is the cause of flowing charge. A certain Inspector commanded that a 30A circuit breaker must be installed in a 2.
What are the sizes of Circuit breakers in relation to the size of Wires? The size of the circuit breaker must be 16 A as the safe current capacity of 2. The maximum distance in supply mains electricity through a transformer to a consumer is on Kenya specifically. How do we arrive at this? I think you need to remember to mention the units. I believe it is meters. They arrive at this by calculating thermal losses via wires since at volts losses are far greater than before the step-down transformer.
For a given power, the lower the transmission voltage the greater the current, leading to thermal losses. I love electrical engineering, and I woona learn more about Electrical, so I think you guys I can learn from you more. Your email address will not be published. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Notify me of new posts by email. Table of Contents. Electrical Technology 8 5 minutes read. Show More. Related Articles.
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